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10.4  Detecting reporting biases

10.4.1 Funnel plots

Figure 10.4.a: Hypothetical funnel plots

10.4.2 Different reasons for funnel plot asymmetry

Table 10.4.a: Possible sources of asymmetry in funnel plots

Figure 10.4.b: Contour enhanced funnel plots

10.4.3 Tests for funnel plot asymmetry

10.4.4 Sensitivity analyses

10.4.5 Summary